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INTERCONNECTION OF CULTURE AND HISTORY
IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL HERITAGE OF L.P. KARSAVIN
Authors: E.E. Mikhailova
Abstract: We consider the relation between culture and history in the philosophical heritage of the Russian religious thinker at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries L.P. Karsavin. It is shown that culture and history, in Karsavin's intentions, represent the result of the highest actualization of the Absolute and at the same time are the result of the activity of an empirical subject. Every culture has its own subjective origin. It is the personality that is the «bridge» that connects culture and history. A model of the relationship between culture and history, in the views of L.P. Karsavin, is revealed: thesis (cultural tradition) – antithesis (destruction of tradition) – removal of antithesis (something new, as a result of creative processing of tradition). It is concluded that the correlation between culture and history is irrational, since the sequence and strength of changes in cultural forms largely depend on the individual.
Keywords: L.P. Karsavin, culture, history, dialogue of cultures, tradition, personality.
C.G. HEMPEL’S PHILOSOPHY:
DEDUCTIVE-NOMOLOGICAL MODEL
OF HISTORICAL EXPLANATION
Authors: V.P. Potamskaya
Abstract: The article is devoted to the deductive-nomological model of explanation, which emphasized the most important aspect of scientific explanation – the connection with scientific laws. It is demonstrated thatthe peculiarity of the historical explanation lies in the fact that general laws are not formulated in an explicit form due to their triviality and obviousness.
Keywords: history, deductive-nomological model, explanation.
C.G. HEMPEL’S PHILOSOPHY:
DEDUCTIVE-NOMOLOGICAL MODEL
OF HISTORICAL EXPLANATION
Authors: V.P. Potamskaya
Abstract: The article is devoted to the deductive-nomological model of explanation, which emphasized the most important aspect of scientific explanation – the connection with scientific laws. It is demonstrated thatthe peculiarity of the historical explanation lies in the fact that general laws are not formulated in an explicit form due to their triviality and obviousness.
Keywords: history, deductive-nomological model, explanation.
N.I. KAREEV ON THE GENERAL HUMANITARIAN CHARACTER
OF F. SCHELLING'S PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY
Authors: N.A. Soboleva
Abstract: It is shown that the representative of the Russian positivist philosophy of history N.I. Kareev left behind a huge array of historiosophical reviews that are important for permanent understanding of the essence of world history. It is concluded that N.I. Kareev, as a thinker who stands on the platform of multi-factor analysis, was able to see the positive potential of various concepts of world history. In particular, in the metaphysical legacy of F. Schelling, N.I. Kareev found ideas that could unite seemingly dissimilar interpretations of world history. As such, N.I. Kareev highlights two ideas of the German thinker. The first idea: the merging of cultures that are opposite in their foundations can give rise to a new education and encourage a cultural dialogue. The second one: the world history is the duality and interdependence of the cultures of the West and the East.
Keywords: N.I. Kareev, philosophy of history, F. Schelling, global history.
FEAR AS A POLICY TOOL
Authors: O.I. Tumanova
Abstract: The article analyzes the possibilities of using fear as an effective tool in politics. Possibilities of using fear as an instrument of coercion, which throughout the history of mankind is actively used by the authorities to secure their interests, are considered. In addition, the possibility of using fear to increase attention to values, norms and principles important for the development of society is outlined. The objects of fear can also be used to form the internal and foreign policy of the state.
Keywords: fear, society, power, political fear, politics, state.
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF SOCIO-CULTURAL RISKS
Authors: A.V. Mayakova
Abstract: Classification of socio-cultural risks Stressed that the development of sociocultural classification of risks is one of the urgent tasks of modern philosophy and science. The solution of this problem is possible only on the basis of the principle of comprehensiveness, which will allow you to study the scientific problem from different sides, the principle of complexity, in which the scientific problem is studied using various interdisciplinary approaches as a whole, the principle of consistency, with which you can trace the structural elements and evaluate the problem as a whole system of interrelated and interacting elements.
The author presents a table of classifications of socio-cultural risks within the transdisciplinary model of socio-cultural risk management, compiled on the basis of previous research by the author, as well as the work of various scientists and specialists: economists (I.B. Batova, R.A. Fathutdinov, S.Z. Semernik); sociologists (O.A. Grimov, E.G. Kamensky, E.B. Shestopal, A.V. Selezneva); technical sphere (S.V. Khodyrevskaya, V.G. Khalina, G.V. Chernova); psychologists (A.M. Molokostovoy), etc.
Keywords: risk, socio-cultural risk, crisis, classification.
DESIGNING THE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
OF AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION
AS AN ANTI-CRISIS STRATEGY
Authors: R.M. Gaynutdinov
Abstract: Despite the overall instability and unpredictability of the modern world and to be precise Russian educational system, the importance of having an insight into the perspectives and future directions of a particular educational organization cannot be doubted. That is why it is vital to explore the topic of choosing the right organizational priorities in short and long run and instruments to incorporate them into the task force.
Keywords: organizational culture, identity, multi identity, reflexivity, self programming, co-managment, task force.
SELF-RESPONSIBILITY AT ORDINATORS UNDER CONDITIONS PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: D.D. Grigorieva, M.I. Mikheev, V.P. Potamskaya
Abstract: The article discusses the features of the medical ethos of residents of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Some of the basic components that form the ethos of a doctor are indicators of the degree of freedom, responsibility, discipline, self-discipline and self-responsibility. In this regard, a psycho-diagnostic study was carried out aimed at determining the external and internal modes of responsibility of residents in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The processing, analysis and interpretation of empirical data was carried out on the basis of the Center for Psychological Support of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The study made it possible to conduct a qualitative analysis, determine the degree and forms of discipline. Egoism, individualism, mercantilism are secondary qualities that regulate, discipline the activities of a specialist. The experience of the current challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic requires strengthening the humanitarian, bioethical and general cultural components in the training of medical workers at all levels, both through the assimilation of abstract principles and through interactive forms such as social and psychological trainings, master classes, etc.
Keywords: COVID-19, freedom, responsibility, medical ethos, professional identity, self-discipline, self-responsibility.
IDEALIZATION OF ROLE BEHAVIOR IN THE SPACE
OF SOCIAL NETWORKS (ON THE EXAMPLE
OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGE OF THE IDEAL MOTHER)
Authors: O.Yu. Verpatova
Abstract: It is noted that social networks embody the idea of simulacra, described in the works of Zh. Baudrillard. The problem of forming the image of the "ideal mother" using a social platform such as Instagram is analyzed. The content analysis method identifies and describes various aspects of the representation of motherhood by popular bloggers and analyzes the possible risks of consuming this content by users.
Keywords: simulacrum, Internet, social networks, bloggers, content, motherhood.
FEATURES OF COPING BEHAVIOR
OF FIREFIGHTERS-RESCUERS
WITH DIFFERENT WORK EXPERIENCE
Authors: N.Y. Vlasenko
Abstract: The profile of preferred coping strategies in firefighters and rescuers was studied (depending on the length of professional experience). The survey involved 235 male fire and rescue workers aged 25 to 45 years, who were divided into three groups (1–6, 7–15 and 16–22 years of service). Using the personal questionnaire SACS (S. Hobfoll), preferences in choosing coping strategies were studied. It was found that the majority of firefighters and rescuers have prosocial and active strategies as priorities. Negative phenomena in overcoming stress and the proportion of people with passive behavior patterns were found to increase with increasing service life.
Keywords: coping strategies, stress coping behavior firefighters-rescuers, service, experience.
ATTITUDE OFSTUDENTS TO THE PROBLEM OF EMPLOYMENT
Authors: A.V. Makarova, E.V. Lapteva
Abstract: The article analyzes the problem of student employment during the period of their education. The peculiarities influencing the choice of criteria for employment among students are revealed. On the basis of a sociological survey, the attitude of students to the problem under consideration is revealed.
Keywords: employment, students, youth, work.
ATTITUDE OFSTUDENTS TO THE PROBLEM OF EMPLOYMENT
Authors: A.V. Makarova, E.V. Lapteva
Abstract: The article analyzes the problem of student employment during the period of their education. The peculiarities influencing the choice of criteria for employment among students are revealed. On the basis of a sociological survey, the attitude of students to the problem under consideration is revealed.
Keywords: employment, students, youth, work.
PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL LAND MANAGEMENT
AFFECTING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF LAND USEDEVELOPMENT
Authors: O.S. Lazareva, A.A. Artemyev
Abstract: The article deals with organizational and economic problems of land management and land use in modern economic conditions. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the land Fund under the conditions of formation of a multi-layered economy are studied on the example of the Tver region. The most significant problems of land management at the state and regional level in the context of sustainable land use development are identified and specified, and directions for their solution are proposed.
Keywords: problems, land resources, management, land use, sustainable development.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT
OF MODERN DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEMS
IN THE ECONOMY
Authors: A.N. Borodulin
Abstract: The article discusses the main trends in the development of software in the field of business analysis. Promising directions of using software tools for analytical processing of economic data in recent years are identified. The authors also substantiate ways to solve problems in the information support system for companies activities caused by the pandemic and the global economic crisis.
Keywords: data analytics, economic systems, economic processes, information technologies.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION (BASED ON MATERIAL FROM THE TVER REGION)
Authors: Y.N. Samylina
Abstract: A structural analysis of agricultural production in the Tver region for a fairly significant period of 1990–2019 was carried out the significance of the industry, both at the state and regional levels, was Revealed. The comparative characteristics of the structure of production of crop and livestock products are given, and the specialization of the agricultural sector of the region is determined.
Keywords: agriculture, crop production, livestock production, agricultural sector, production structure, production.